十二生肖 丨廖钰棋(南宁,5年级)

英语朗读，纠音

廖钰棋

（5年级）

#有个英语班#

无锡Ainsley老师指导

导语：

    十二生肖，又叫属相，是中国与十二地支相配以人出生年份的十二种动物，包括鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。

   十二生肖的起源与动物崇拜有关。据湖北云梦睡虎地和甘肃天水放马滩出土的秦简可知，先秦时期即有比较完整的生肖系统存在。最早记载与现代相同的十二生肖的传世文献是东汉王充的《论衡》。

     十二生肖是十二地支的形象化代表，即子（鼠）、丑（牛）、寅（虎）、卯（兔）、辰（龙）、巳（蛇）、午（马）、未（羊）、申（猴）、酉（鸡）、戌（狗）、亥（猪），随着历史的发展逐渐融合到相生相克的民间信仰观念，反映在婚姻、人生、年运等，每一种生肖都有丰富的传说，并以此形成一种观念阐释系统，成为民间文化中的形象哲学，如婚配上的属相、庙会祈祷、本命年等。现代，更多人把生肖作为春节的吉祥物，成为娱乐文化活动的象征。

   生肖作为悠久的民俗文化符号，历代留下了大量描绘生肖形象和象征意义的诗歌、春联、绘画、书画和民间工艺作品。除中国外，世界多国在春节期间发行生肖邮票，以此来表达对中国新年的祝福。

    十二生肖造型的冰鞋车也在北京2022年第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会闭幕式上亮相。

十二生肖

The Chinese Zodiac

The Chinese zodiac is used to symbolize the year in which a person is born, and it is composed of twelve animals, namely rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon,snake, horse, goat, monkey, rooster, dog, and pig. With twelve years as a cycle, each year is represented by a certain animal with the fixed order.

生肖又称属相，在中国生肖代表了人的出生年份。十二生肖由十二种动物组成，按顺序分别是鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。每年一种属相，十二年为一个轮回。

According to its source and relationship with human beings, twelve animals can be divided into three categories.Six domestic animals, namely, ox,horse, goat, rooster, dog, and pig as the first category, have historically been most closely related to humans for they are not only the source of human food,but also people's helpers in farming, transportation, and warfare.

Therefore it is not surprising for them to be selected as members of the twelve Chinese zodiac signs.

根据来源和与人类的关系，十二种动物可分为三类，第一类是六畜，即牛、马、羊、鸡、狗、猪。这些动物在历史上与人类的关系最为紧密，不仅是人类的肉食来源，并且在耕作、运输和战争中为人们提供帮助，因此被选入十二生肖不足为奇。

The second category includes five wild animals that people revere, avoid and like in ancient times, namely, rat, tiger, rabbit, snake and monkey. The dragon, which is considered as an imaginary deity, belongs to the last category.

It is the most common totem of the Chinese nation, and signifies auspiciousness and wealth because it is an integration of different features of a couple of animals.

第二类是经常出现在古人生活中的五类野生动物，即鼠、虎、兔、蛇和猴，人类敬畏的、忌讳的和喜爱的都包含其中。最后一类是被认为幻想出来的神物——龙。龙综合多种动物的特征而成，也是中华民族最常见的图腾物，有吉祥富贵之意。

In the long process of its development, people often associate the twelve Chinese zodiac signs with one's marriage, career, wealth and health, forming a divination system similar to the foreign astrology. Colorful cultures and folk customs are also contained in the zodiac signs. In various art forms such as poetry, painting, paper-cutting, sculpture, and embroidery, there are a largenumber of works themed on the twelve animals.

在十二生肖漫长的发展过程中，人们也常常把生肖和人的婚姻、事业、财运、健康联系起来，形成类似国外星座的占卜体系。同时十二生肖也蕴含着多彩的文化和民俗，在诗歌、绘画、剪纸、雕塑、刺绣等多种艺术形式中，都存在大量以生肖为主题的作品。

The Chinese Zodiac Birth Year, also the manifestation of the zodiac culture, is the year in which thezodiac is consistent with one's year of birth and it appears once every twelve years. Since it is usually considered ominous, people will wear red clothing and accessories tied with red strings to get rid of bad luck and avoid disasters.In addition, during the New Year period, China and overseas countries with Chinese residents will issue zodiac stamps to spread Chinese culture and celebrate the Chinese New Year.

“本命年”也是生肖文化的表现，本命年即当年的生肖与自己的属相一致的年份，十二年一次。人们通常认为本命年不吉利，所以通过穿戴红色衣物、佩戴红绳系挂的饰品等方式来赶走霉运，避免灾祸。另外每年新年期间，中国以及有华人居住的国家都会发行生肖邮票，传播中国文化，庆祝中国春节。

十二生肖是中国传统民俗文化中，用于纪年的十二种动物，依次为鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪，它们蕴含丰富象征意义且与十二地支相对应，在纪年、命理、文学、艺术等诸多领域发挥重要作用。